Ecosystem Service Preference of Forest People: A Study in Madhupur Sal Forest of Bangladesh
Article Main Content
This study investigated the ecosystem service preference of forest people in Madhupur Sal forest and the factors contributing to their preference towards those services. Data were collected through a personal interview with 230 respondents with four focus group discussions. Majority of the respondents comprised ethnic people (the Garo) of the region. Findings revealed that the majority of the respondents (89.8%) possessed moderate to high knowledge regarding ecosystem service. They identified 16 ecosystem services where ‘Forest identity’, ‘Crop cultivation’, and ‘Maintenance of social relation’ were perceived as the top services. The ecosystem service preference differed among respondents of different locations of the forest where people living inside the forest and living 1-2 km of forest appreciated cultural service most. The variation observed in service preference among different ethnic groups and Garo Sangsharek community’s preference towards ecosystem service was much higher than the other two communities (Garo Christian and Bengali). Results of multiple regression analysis showed that respondents’ age, ecosystem service knowledge, residence distance from forest, and forest dependency were the contributing factors that influenced their preference towards ecosystem services. The research results offer relevant information that is helpful for ecosystem-related studies in Bangladesh.
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			                                    Ahammad R, Stacey N, Sunderland TCH. Use and perceived importance of forest ecosystem services in rural livelihoods of Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh. Ecosystem Services. 2019; 35: 87–98. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 24
- 
		                                    
			                                    Islam MS, Roy S, Khanom S, Islam M. Deforestation and biodiversity degradation in Madhupur Sal forest at Tangail region. Khulna University Studies. 2013; 11(1): 219–223. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 25
- 
		                                    
			                                    Muhamad D, Okubo S, Harashina K, Gunawan B, Takeuchi K. Living close to forests enhances people׳ s perception of ecosystem services in a forest–agricultural landscape of West Java, Indonesia. Ecosystem Services, 2014; 8: 197–206. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 26
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			                                    Alam, M, Furukawa Y, Harada K. Agroforestry as a sustainable land use option in degraded tropical forests: A study from Bangladesh. Environment, Development and Sustainability. 2010; 12(2): 147–158, 2010. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 27
- 
		                                    
			                                    Kibria MG, Saha N. Analysis of existing agroforestry practices in Madhupur Sal forest: an assessment based on ecological and economic perspectives. Journal of Forestry Research. 2011; 22(4): 533–542. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 28
- 
		                                    
			                                    Abdullah, HM, Golam M, Mezanur MR, Ahmed T. Monitoring Natural Sal Forest Cover in Modhupur, Bangladesh using Temporal Landsat Imagery during 1972-2015. International Journal of Environment. 2015; 5(1): 1–7. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 29
- 
		                                    
			                                    Gouwakinnou GN, Biaou S, Vodouhe FG, Tovihessi MS, Awessou BK, Biaou HS. Local perceptions and factors determining ecosystem services identification around two forest reserves in Northern Benin. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 2019; 15(1): 1–12. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 30
- 
		                                    
			                                    Hasan MK, Huda N, Akter R, Islam MT. Effects of human disturbances on vegetation parameters and soil nutrient status in the Madhupur Sal forest of Bangladesh. Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. 2018; 10(2): 43–55. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 31
- 
		                                    
			                                    MEA, Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Synthesis, Washington, DC: Island Press, 2005. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 32
- 
		                                    
			                                    Saha S, Hasan SS, Haque ME, Ahamed T. Perception Based Assessment of Ecosystem Services of Madhupur Sal Forest in Bangladesh. European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences. 2021; 3(1): 39–44. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 33
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			                                    Dey S. Deforestation and the Garo Women of Modhupur Garh, Bangladesh, Asian Women. 2008; 24(3): 57–81. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 34
- 
		                                    
			                                    Muhammed N, Chakma S, Masum MF, Hossain MM, Oesten G. A Case Study on the Garo Ethnic People of the Sal (Shorea robusta) Forests in Bangladesh. International Journal of Social Forestry. 2011; 4(2): 197–211. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 35
- 
		                                    
			                                    Jalil MA, Oakkas MA. The Family Structure and Cultural Practices of Garo Community in Bangladesh: An Overview. Himalayan Journal of Sociology & Antropology. 2012; 5: 95–100. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 36
- 
		                                    
			                                    Islam KK, Hyakumura K. Forestland concession, land rights, and livelihood changes of ethnic minorities: The case of the Madhupur Sal forest, Bangladesh. Forests. 2019; 10(3): 1–21. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 37
- 
		                                    
			                                    Uddin M, Bokelmann W, Entsminger JS. Factors affecting farmers’ adaptation strategies to environmental degradation and climate change effects: A farm level study in Bangladesh. Climate, 2014; 2(4): 223–241. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 38
- 
		                                    
			                                    Mahamud TA, Hasan SS, Ghosh MK, Chakma P. Assessing farmers’ awareness towards climate change in the middle part of Bangladesh. Malaysian Journal of Society and Space. 2022; 18(1): 1–14. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 39
- 
		                                    
			                                    Hasan SS, Hossain M, Sultana S, Ghosh MK. Women’s Involvement in Income Generating Activities and Their Opinion About Its Contribution: A Study of Gazipur District, Bangladesh. Science Innovation. 2015; 3(6): 72–80. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 40
- 
		                                    
			                                    Hasan SS, Mohammad A, Ghosh MK, Khalil MI. Assessing of Farmers’ Opinion towards Floating Agriculture as a Means of Cleaner Production: A Case of Barisal District, Bangladesh. British Journal of Applied Science & Technology. 2017; 20(6): 1–14. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 41
- 
		                                    
			                                    Chakma P, Hasan SS, Rafiquzzaman SM, Alam MJ. Farmers’ attitude towards ponds and creeks use in some selected hilly areas of Bangladesh. European Journal of Agriculture and Food Science. 2021; 3(5): 16–22. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 42
- 
		                                    
			                                    Ghosh MK, Hasan SS, Haque ME, Uddin MJ. Knowledge of farmers to sustainable agriculture practices: A case study in Southwestern region of Bangladesh. Scholars Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, 2020; 7(1): 5–12. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 43
- 
		                                    
			                                    Deka S, Tripathi OP, Paul A. Perception-based assessment of ecosystem services of Ghagra Pahar forest of Assam, Northeast India. Geology, Ecology, and Landscapes. 2018; 3(3): 197–209. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 44
- 
		                                    
			                                    Ghosh MK, Hasan SS, Fariha R, Bari M, Parvin MA. Women Empowerment through Agriculture in Chapainawabganj, Bangladesh. European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences. 2021; 3(1): 153–160. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 45
- 
		                                    
			                                    Hasan SS, Roy S, Saha S, Hoque MZ. Assessment of the Farmers’ Perception on Vermicompost as Waste Management Practice and Economic Return in Some Areas of Bangladesh. European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences. 2021; 3(3): 14-20. 
                                                
                                                
 Google Scholar 46
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